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UNITE' STATES PATENT, OFFICE.,

MAincw. DEWEY,l o

E'sYEAcUsE, vNEW "YORK, AssieNoR 'ro' THE DEWEY CORPORATION, OFSAME PLACE.

' vnhiarI-rooA QF ELEe'TmefREFRIeERATloN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters P Appnmion nea November 15, i889.

To all whom/it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARK "V. DEWEY, .of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in 'the State-of New.York,'have invented new and- 5 useful Improvements in Methods of Electric' Refrigeration, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description. Y My invention relates to a' new and improved lo method for producing cold or removing heat,l

to cool, produce ice, or change the temperature in desired localities, and is `similar in; some. respects to my method of electric re-` frigeration set forth in United States Letters' 15 Patent issued October 15,1889, No. 413,136. The main object of my present invention is to distribute cold produced by electricity in a certain locality to or through one or more localities remote from that where the 2o cold is produced. v l j" My invention is designed particularly for use in breweries, packing-houses, and cold# storagefdepots; but it will be obvious that the same may be used for cooling purposes z 5 of all kinds, or for efectingany desired change in temperature.

My invention, consists vin establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled and one or more parts 3o adapted to be heated by the current, locating said p art or parts cooled within or in contact -with a receptacle containing van uncongealable medium, agitating said uncogealable medium, locating a second receptacle having assage and containing an unmedinm in proximity to said cooled part or parts and in contact with the uncongealable medium in the former receptacle and circulating'the medium contained 4o in the second receptacle in a conduit or pipe' leadingto or through a humid locality` to be cooled, and diiusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat. from the heated part or partsof the circuit by` locating the latter part or parts Within or in contact with a couduit and,- passing a current of water through the conduit.

To this end my invention consists, essen'- tially, in subjecting a medium to a temperature-changing eect produced by an electric 5o current in one or more parts of an electric congealable tent No. 420,641, dared February 4, 1890.

sam No. 330,462. (No man.)

Vcircuit and vin circulating said medium through a conduit or pipe leading to or through av locality wherein the temperature is to' be changed. v

1' My invention further consists in certain 55 combinations of steps of the method, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a general view of apparatus for 6o accomplishing my method or for accomplishing'certain steps in the method.- ll`igs.2and` '3 showa tortuous receptacle Within anotherv Kcontaining an agita-torg'and Eig. 4 shows the 'parts or junctions to be cooled in proximity to a receptaclebut not within orin contact with the same.

Referring specifically to the drawings, vA iii-Fig. 1 represents a section of va receptacle or refrigeratory to be cooled. A is an'envel- 7o ope of heat-non-conducting material 'inclosing the same. B is a conduit or pipe leading from the'receptacle at b. and returning' to the same at b. The pipe B leads to` or through several localities to be-'cooled orto have the 75 temperature changed therein. A tortuous passage is formed by the pipe at two different locations-c and c. The tortuous passage at c isy formed by serpcntinely-shaping the pipe andar. C' by ceiling said pipe.v The nner 10- so Y' cality is indicated more particularly bya line d, inclosing the coil. The line d indicates the ywalls of a receptacle, Vault, or room, which may be isolated from the external temperature in any suitable and Well-known manner to pre- 85 vent the conduction of heat thereto. The pipe or the tortuous parts therofmay be arranged inany desired manner at the localities tobe cooled; but 1 prefer to arrange them in most cases overhead or valongide the walls. x 9c The cooling at the distant localities o and cfis effected by circulating, distributing, or -iorniug through the pipe B by means of a suitable pump aA medium, preferably an uncqngeable liquid, after the latter has been snb- 9 5 jected to the cooling elect of an electric current. The circulatory apparatus cools .the surrounding air in the rooms, cellars, or other localities, and as the hot air always tendsto 'ascendto the ceiling it comes in contactvrithgoo iii flux huuiid ininir in the entire room a temperaro ripidi lo that oi" an aircold and dry. The principal aiflyaniage ot 'this system the i we i .i di

uur in manual. labor, as there is no oi ice to be done. Y

rllm medium contained in thereservoirand cirtxulalml in the pipe .l maybe asolution of chloride oi." calcium, magnesium, or sodium, but in tome canes simply water or air.

t* ln the inlet or nozzle for admitting;r the nolution, and c" in the outlet for removing the uolntiou from the reuervoir. Molds fffor Fernuni.; blocks ot icc are indicated in dotted l nthin the said reservoir.

apparatus' for cooling' the medium .Y referred to may be the Same or uiinr lo ibut described and shown in my ordinii ulroi'e rcl`eri'cifl to, and. for that l. shall not describe the saine herein iuicly, but will proceed to point out and he ihn improrements connected therel: he elect ric cireui t having parts adapti no cooled and other parts adapted. to be healed by the current from a suitable noni-cc oi" electricity il. The device shown in the to druwiuipi lor acnomplinhing the change ot l-l'ure lu the paris of the circuit C is,

mite ol niinplicity, an ordinary thermol du not liinit myself io thin coubriore inentioucffl. 'lhc Source in connected to said pile7 soihat .polini will be thor-1e located within di: ui' rtmeiwoir A, and the parte in lhoiuy located within the ecoliun; rnuuluila or piprl Vlfl.

dienten th pipe tor connecting thecontable head ot cool water. g

t pipe .For said conduit, and g is enclt in the outlet-pipe i'or regir ou' ol water through thc conduit.

Au mliuuiable rcnifitancc in thecircuit ilario the current therein, and C" is iilre\m'ucr to .reverse the location of ud and healed parte for the purpose a medium tube circulated instead the naine. Said current-reverser initrd with when it is not desired wirr or bolli operations with the uujiirirai un. .dinoiher circuit F leads lo iinjrnunm vll io au electric motor for i nu" iflu` pumplocated, in the pipe l-, and

i liable cui-rindregulatingdevice api: of.' an adjustable resistance. ille operai lou oi the apparatus, Viheelec-triccurrent proiiowa: Y. y et lhc ilicrnn'ipilc or other nn'i'eetiou or conifluction ofheatfroln ilario and thc medium or :@:oluiion d therein through the bars of the .iurlu l'orzniugr the circuit between the El, and deposite the maimed in the parte oi ihccircnit The conduit i1`.,wherc it seeker to become disengaged or released. The cool water pci-miltmi to dow through the Said conduit discngages, dillfimcs, dissipates, or eonducts the heat from the heated parts therein and carries it away. This. operation is continuons and simultaneous therewith. The medium in the receptacle cooled i s circulated or forced ih rough the localities to be cooled by means ot the pump and motor.

Referring to Figs. i. and 3 of the drawings, A represents two sectional views of a receptacle containing thc cooled parts of the eircuit C and an uneongcalable medium; but in this case the medium in this receptacle is not circulated through the pipe B. eeptacle G, preferably a tortuous one, as shown, is located within the receptacle A and contains the medium tobe circulated through said pipe, and is connected with the terminals of the same for that purpose. The noz '/.le e" is provided for int reducing the medium to the inner receptacle. This receptacle or tank G is given a winding Shape, in order to retain the solution therein a longer period of time or to insure a more thorough and equal change ot its temperature between its rcecption and diScl-iarge. 'l`o Still further insure this change oi? temperature, a stirringdielix 1I is provided within the lower part of the receptacle A to stir or agitaie the medium therein to equalize its temperature in all parts of the tank.

h is the pulley of the helix, which may be turned by a belt connecting the same with a pulley on the shaft of the electric motor operatingr thc pump, or unid helix may be operated by any suitable means. The pump for circulating the medium through the pipe may be a double-actine,r one, if desired, and worked by any suitable and convenient means.

The receptacle A in 2 and 3 may he enveloped in insinlatinne material the same as the receptacle in Fic. l. ln come cases the pipo l5 may he covered with a non-hcatcon ducting substance between the receptacle or reservoir1 and the locality lobe cooled to prevent the absorption of heat thereby; but the pipe is bare at said locality. In home cases the tortuous receptacle may hc formed of a Serpentinely shaped o1' coiled pipe having; a great many folds, or con volutions.

Fi. i represents the receptacle A in clone proximity to the cooled parte or junctions ci the thermopile, but not in contact therewith. While this latter plan if; not as effective as when said parts are within or in contact with the receptacle, it may he employed in some cases with good resulte, especially when a goed eonductorot heat is interposed between the parts and the receptacle, or when a goed non-heat-condnoting :substance incloses said parte, to confine the temperature produced by the parts to the portion of the receptacle in proximity thereto, indicated by the dotted line oy in the ligure.

Ae I contemplate employing: any or all of the devices shown and dcncribed in my prici- Another rc patentabove referred to to aecomplishthe method herein described, I do not limit myself tothe devices which are shovvnand dev-`- scribed herein.

It Will be evident that many changes in the construction and relative arrangement of parts may be resorted to, and also variations may be made in the method, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; and -I would have it understood that vI do not limit myself to the particular construction, arrangement of parts shown, or to the precise or exact method herein described.

HavingV described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v y y i 1. The method. of electric cooling or freezing, ,consisting in establishing" an electric circuit having one Vor more parts adapted to 'be cooled by the currentsubjecting a medium to the cooling effect of said part or parts, and circulating ordistributing the said medium through a conduit or pipe leadin g to or through a locality to be cooled.

2. Themethod of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric cirvcuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled by the current, subjecting an. uncongealable medium to the cooling effect of said part or parts, and circulating the said medium in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality tobe cooled. f 3. The methodof electric cooling or freezing, consisting inestablishing an electric circuit having one or morev parts adapted to be cooled by the'current, subjecting an unconge'alable medium to the cooling eitect of said part or` parts, and simultaneously therewith circulating the said medium vin a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled.

4. The-method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuilghaving one or more parts adapted to be cooled by the current, subjecting an, uncon` gealable medium to the vcooling citect of said part or parts, and circulating the said medium in a conduitor pipe leading to or through a humid locality to be cooled. i

5; The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled by the current7 subjecting an uncongealable medium contained in a receptacle or reservoir to the cooling eitectof said part or parts, and circulating the said medium in a conduit or pipe leadii'rg from and to the reservoir and through the locality whereat the temperature ist-o bc changed.

(3.. The method f electric cooling or freezing, consistingin establishing an relectric circuit having oney or more parts adapted to be cooled -by the current,,subjecting an uncongealable medium contained 'in a non-heatconduct-in g receptacle or rcseryoir to the cooling cil'ect of said part or parts, and circulat- 'd ing the said medium in a conduit or pipe leading from and to the reservoir and through the locality Whereat the temperature is to be changed;

7. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in lestablishing an elect-ric circooled by the current, subjecting an uncongealable liquid contained in a receptacle or reservoir to the cooling eec't of said part or parts, and circulating the saidliquid in a conduit or pipe leading from and to the reservoir and through the locality whereat the temperature vis to be changed.

S. The method ofjelectric cooling or frcezing, consist-ing in establishing au electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled by the'current, subjecting an unconf gealable medium to the cooling eitect ofsaid part or parts, and circulating the said medium in a conduit O15-pipe leading to or through a receptacle or room containing humid airto be cooled.

i 9. The methodzof electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled by the current, subjectingv an unconcuit' having one or more parts adapted to be gealable medium to the cooling effect of said part or parts, and forcing-the said medium through a `conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled.

10. The method of electrlc cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted 'to IOO be cooled by the current, locating said parts or parts Within or in contact With a receptacle containing an uncongealable medium, locating a second receptacle containing a medium in proximity to said part or parts and .in contact with the said uneongealable medium, and ,circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled. i

l'l. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit hav-ing one or more parts adapted to be cooled bythe current, locating said part or parts Within or in contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealable medium, agitating said uncongealable medium, locating a second receptacle containing ay medium in IIJ proximity to said part or parts and in contact with the said uneongealable medium, and circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle in a conduit orpipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled.

12. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled by the current, locating said part or parts Within or in contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealable medium, agitat ing said uncongealable medium, locating al second receptacle having a tortuous passage and containing a medium in proximity to said part or parts and in contact with thc said uncongcalable medium, and circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle in a conduit orA 'pipe leading` to or through a locality to be cooled.

13. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric eircuit havingone or more parts' adapted to be cooled by the current, locating said part or parts within or in" contact with a receptacle containing an' uncongealable medium, locating a second receptacle containing an uncongealable medium in proximity to said partor parts and in contact with the uncongealable medium in the former receptacle, and circulating the medium contained in the Second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading to or through. a locality to be cooled.

lit. T he method of electric cooling or freezing, consistingin establishing an electric circuit having onel or more parts adapted to be cooled by the current, locating said part or parts within or in contact with a receptacle containingan uncongealable medium, subjecting a second receptacle containing a medium to the cooling effect of the uncongealable medium in the former receptacle, and circulating the medium contained in the Second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled.

l5. The method of electric cooling o1' freezing, consisting in establishing an elec-tric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled by the current, locating said part or parts within or in contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealable medium, locating a second receptacle containing a medium within the former receptacle, and circulating the mediumcontained in the second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled. Y

1G. The method of electric cooling or freeze ing, consisting in establishing an ele .tric cir` cuit having one orniore parts adapted to be cooled by the current, locating said part or parte AWithin or inl contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealableniedium,subject ing a second receptacle containing a medium to the cooling effect of the uncongealable medium in the former receptacle, and circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle through a tortuous passage or coiled pipe located in a locality to be cooled.

1T. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parte adapted to be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, subjecting a medium to the cooling effect of said part or parts cooled, and circulating or distributing the said medium through a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality-*to be cooled, and diffusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat from the heated part or parts of the circuit.

1S. The method; of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapt-ed to be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, Asubjecting an uncongealable medium to the cooling eli'ect of said part or parts cooled, and circulating the said medium in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled, and dilusing, dissipating, or-conducting the heat from the heated part or parts of thc circuit.

19. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consist-ing in establishing an electric circuit having onc or more parts adapted to be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, subjecting an uncongealable medium to the cooling effect of said part or parts cooled, and circulating the said medium in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a humid locality to be cooled, and diiusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat from the heated part or parts of the circuit.

20. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, subjecting an uncongealable medium contained in a non-hcatcon Iducting receptacle or reservoir to the cooling effect ,of said part or parts cooled, and circulating the said medium in a conduit or pipe leading from and to the reservoir and through the locality whcrcat the temperature is to be cooled, and diffusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat from the heat-ed part or parte of the circuit.

21. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted .to be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, subjecting an uncongealable medium to the cooling eiect of said part or parts cooled, and forcing the Asaid medium through a conduitor pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled, and diffusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat from the heated part or parts of the circuit.

22. The method of electric cooling or freez' ing, consisting in establishing'an electric circuit'having one or more parts adapted to be cooled :and one or. more parts adapted to be heated by the current, locating said part or parts to be cooled within or in contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealable niediuui, locating a second receptacle containing a medium in proximity to said part or parts cooled and in contact with the said uncon- `gealable medium, and circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled, and diffusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat from the heated part or parts' ofl the circuit.

23. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, locating said cooled part or parts Within or in contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealable medium, agitating said uncongealable medium, locating a second receptacle containinga medium in proximity to said part or parts cooled IIO and in contact with the said uneongealable mediumJ and circulating the medium con-v cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, locating said part or parts cooled within or inA contact with a rc-` ceptacle containing an uncongealable lnediuin., agitating said unc'ongealable medium, locating a second receptacle having'a tortuous passage and containing 'a medium in v proximity to said part or parts cooled and in e 111g, Consisting in establishing an electric lcircontact with the said uncongealable medium,

and circulating the medium contained in the .second receptacle in a conduit or pipe lead-f I ing tool-'through a locality to be cooled-,and y dilusing, dissipating, or conducting '.thlheat' from theghea't 4 ed partor parts of the eilcni of@ electric cooling i ta'lglisliiglgan electr pre-'pats' 'ida y VTto be oreiparts ajdzjt'ed' to be nt,locating` said part or n. or in Acontact with a rele 'containing an uncongealable me-` L,net ,s'ttbj ecting. a second receptacle contain- 4n'gfa medinth. to the cooling effect of theuncongealablo'inediuin in the former receptacle, and circulating the medium contained inthe second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leadlingto or throii'glifa locality to be cooled, and diiiusing, dissi-pitting, or conducting the heat froi'n'vthe heated part or parts of the circuit.

2G. The met-hed of electric cooling or freer.-v

cuit having one or more parts adapted t0 be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated by the current, loeating said part or parts cooled-Within or in contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealable inedium, locating a second receptacle containing a medium Within the former receptacle, and circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality t'o .be cooled, and diitusing, dissipating, or conduct-ing theheat from the heated part or parts of the circuit.

27. The niethod of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in'establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled and one or incre parts adapted to be heated by the current, subjecting a medium to the cooling eect of said part or parts cooled, and' circulating or distributing the said medium through a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled, and diusing, dissipating, or conduct-ing the heat from the heated part or parts of the circuit by locating said heated part or parts'within or in contact with a conduit and passing a current of Water through the conduit.

2S. 'lhe method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled and one or more parts adapt-ed to be heat-ed by the current, locating said part or part-s cooled within orv in contact with a receptacle containing an uncongealable medium, subJect-iugl a second receptacle containing a medium to the cooling effect of the uncongealable medium in the former receptacle, and circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading t or through a locality to be cooled, and diffusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat from the heated part or parts of the circuit by locating said heated part or parts within or in contact with a conduit and pass ing a current ot' cool water through the conduit. y l .y A. 2,9. `The method of elect-ric coolingor freez- ,in-g, consisting in establishing anelectric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be y"cooled and one or incre parts adapted to be heated by the current, locating said part or parts cooled Withinaor in contact with a recept-aele containing an uncongealable medium, locating a second receptable containing a medium within the former receptacle, and circulating the medium contained in the second receptacle in a conduit or pipe leading to or through a locality to be cooled, and diffusing, dissipating, or conducting the heat from the heated part or parts ot' the circuit by locating said heated part or parts Within or in vcontact with a conduit and passing a current of cool Water through the conduit.

3Q. The method ot' electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled and one or more parts adapted to be heated bythe current, locating the part o'r parts adapted to receptacle to be cooled, and diffusing, dissipat-ing, or conducting the heat trom the heated part or parts of the circuit.

3l. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more part-s adapted to be cooled and one or more parts adapted `to lbe heated by the electric current, locating thel IDO be cooled in proximity to a ity to a receptacle to be cooled, inclosing the said receptacle and cooled part or parts in a suitable inclosure, and diffusing, dissipating,

' or conducting the heat from the heated part or parts of the circuit.

33. The method of electric cooling or freezing, consisting in establishing an electric circuit having one or more parts adapted to be cooled and locating said part or parts in proximity `to a receptacle to cool the same.

34. The method of electrically changing temperature, consisting in subjecting a medium to a changing effect produced by'a current in one or more parts of an electric cir cuit, and circulating said medium through a conduit or pipe leading to a locality whereat the temperature is to be changed.

35. The method' of electrically changing temperature, consisting in subjecting a mcdium to a changing effect produced by a continuous current in one or more parts of an electric circuit, and circulating said medium through a conduit or pipe leading to and from a locality whereat the temperature is to be changed.

36. The method of electrically changing. temperature,-consisting in subjecting a me dinrn to a changing eftect produced by a current in one or more parts of an elecric circuit, and simultaneously therewith circulating said medium through a conduit or pipe leading to and from a locality Whereat the temperatu re is to be changed.

37. The method of producing a change of temperature electrically, consisting in subjecting a medium contained in a receptacle or reservoir to a changing effect of a current iu one or more parts of an electric circuit, andsiin ultnneousl y therewith circulatingsaid medium through a conduit or pipe leading from and to the reservoir and through the locality wherent the temperature is to be changed.

38. The 4method of producing a change of temperature electrically, consisting in subjectinga medium contained in anon-hcat conducting receptacle or reservoir to a changing effect of a current in one or more parts of an electric circuit, and simultaneously therewith circulating said medium through a conduit or pipe leading from and to the reservoir and through the locality whereat the temperature is to be changed.

39. The method of producing a change of temperature electrically, consisting in subjecting a liquid contained in a receptacle or reservoir to a changing effect of a current in one or more parte of an electric circuit, and simultaneously therewith circulating said liquid through a conduit or pipe leading from and to the reservoir and through the locality wherein the temperature is to be changed.

40. The method of cooling or freezing, consisting in removing heat from a medium by or through the convection or conduction of heat produced by electricity and circulating 0r passing said medium through a locality to be cooled.

41. The method of cooling or freezing, consisting in removing heat from an uncongeab able medium by or through the convection or conduction of heat produced by electricity,

and circulating or passing said medium through a locality to be cooled.

42. The method of electrically changing temperature,consisting in removing heat from or disengaging heat in a medium by or through the convection or conduction of heatproduced by an electric current or currents, and circulating or passing said medium through a l0- cality wherein the temperature is to be changed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 12th day of November, 1889. MARK W. DEWEY. lL. s] Witnesses:

C. H. DUELL,

- C. L. BENDrXoN. 

